Vocabulary words from The Hindu editorial " Biology Transformed: The Hindu Editorial on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry"

Vocabulary words from The Hindu editorial " Biology Transformed: The Hindu Editorial on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry"

1.  Seemingly impossible

• Meaning: Appearing to be impossible.
• Example: "David Baker succeeded in the seemingly impossible task of building new proteins."

2.  Painstaking

• Meaning: Done with great care and attention to detail.
• Example: "It used to take years of painstaking experiments to determine the 3D structure of proteins."

3.  Amino acid

• Meaning: The building blocks of proteins, consisting of 20 different types.
• Example: "Proteins are made from different sequences of 20 amino acid building blocks."

4.  Astronomical

• Meaning: Extremely large in quantity.
• Example: "The protein can twist and fold in an astronomical number of possible shapes."

5.  Prediction

• Meaning: The act of forecasting or estimating a future outcome based on current data.
• Example: "Hassabis and Jumper made protein structure prediction much easier using AI."

6.  Crystallography

• Meaning: The study of crystal structures, often used in determining molecular structure.
• Example: "The AI model’s performance was comparable with X-ray crystallography in predicting protein structures."

7.  Reliability

• Meaning: The degree to which something can be trusted or depended upon.
• Example: "The AI model estimates the reliability of the structure prediction."

8.  Publicly available

• Meaning: Open and accessible to the general public.
• Example: "The code for the AlphaFold model has been publicly available since 2021."

9.  Optimised

• Meaning: To make the best or most effective use of something.
• Example: "Rosetta optimised protein fragments to propose the best amino acid sequence."

10.  Database

• Meaning: An organized collection of data that can be accessed electronically.
• Example: "Rosetta searched a database of all known protein structures to generate new sequences."