Complete List of Vocabulary Words from the editorial On political representation of woman

Complete List of Vocabulary Words from the editorial On political representation of woman

1.       Perennial

• Synonyms: everlasting, enduring, continual
• Antonyms: temporary, transient, short-lived
• Example: "Women representation in parliament is a perennial issue in many democracies."

2.      Concluded

• Synonyms: completed, finished, ended
• Antonyms: begun, started, initiated
• Example: "The recently concluded general elections in the U.K. saw a record number of women MPs."

3.      Universal

• Synonyms: global, widespread, comprehensive
• Antonyms: limited, local, narrow
• Example: "Universal suffrage was achieved after prolonged political movements."

4.      Sovereign

• Synonyms: autonomous, independent, self-governing
• Antonyms: dependent, subordinate, controlled
• Example: "India, as a sovereign republic, provided the right to vote for all its women from the first general elections."

5.      Commencement

• Synonyms: beginning, start, initiation
• Antonyms: conclusion, end, termination
• Example: "The right to vote was provided to all women since the commencement of the Constitution."

6.     Marginally

• Synonyms: slightly, minimally, barely
• Antonyms: significantly, considerably, substantially
• Example: "The percentage of women MPs in the Lok Sabha rose marginally to 12% in 2014."

7.      Legislative

• Synonyms: law-making, parliamentary, regulatory
• Antonyms: judicial, executive, administrative
• Example: "The representation in State Legislative Assemblies is even poorer."

8.     Democratic

• Synonyms: representative, popular, egalitarian
• Antonyms: autocratic, undemocratic, dictatorial
• Example: "Quotas within political parties provide more democratic choice to voters."

9.     Quota

• Synonyms: share, allocation, allowance
• Antonyms: whole, entirety, aggregate
• Example: "Countries like Bangladesh and Pakistan that have quotas in parliament fare poorer than those with political party quotas."

10.  Delimitation

• Synonyms: boundary-setting, demarcation, division
• Antonyms: unbound, unconfined, open
• Example: "Reserved seats for women would be rotated after each delimitation."

11.    Constituencies

• Synonyms: electorates, districts, precincts
• Antonyms: general population, non-electorate
• Example: "It may reduce the incentive for MPs to work hard to nurture their constituencies."

12.   Implement

• Synonyms: execute, enforce, apply
• Antonyms: neglect, ignore, abandon
• Example: "The reservation will be implemented starting with the general elections in 2029."

13.   Relevant

• Synonyms: pertinent, applicable, appropriate
• Antonyms: irrelevant, unrelated, inappropriate
• Example: "The reservation shall come into effect based on the delimitation exercise after the relevant Census figures are published."

14.  Proportion

• Synonyms: share, part, segment
• Antonyms: whole, entirety, aggregate
• Example: "The Trinamool Congress has the highest proportion of women MPs in the current Lok Sabha."

15.  Desired

• Synonyms: wanted, preferred, wished
• Antonyms: undesired, unwanted, rejected
• Example: "Voluntary or legislated quotas within political parties are unlikely to yield the desired representation."

16.  Prolonged

• Synonyms: extended, lengthy, protracted
• Antonyms: brief, short, concise
• Example: "Universal suffrage was achieved after prolonged political movements."

17.   Satisfactory

• Synonyms: adequate, acceptable, sufficient
• Antonyms: unsatisfactory, inadequate, insufficient
• Example: "The representation of women in the Lok Sabha has been far from satisfactory."

18.  Marginal

• Synonyms: slight, minimal, insignificant
• Antonyms: significant, substantial, considerable
• Example: "The percentage of women MPs rose marginally in the 2014 elections."

19.  Constitute

• Synonyms: comprise, form, make up
• Antonyms: dismantle, dissolve, disband
• Example: "Women constitute half the population in all countries."

20. Voluntary

• Synonyms: optional, discretionary, willing
• Antonyms: compulsory, mandatory, obligatory
• Example: "Voluntary quotas within political parties provide more democratic choice to voters."

21.   Incentive

• Synonyms: motivation, encouragement, inducement
• Antonyms: deterrent, disincentive, discouragement
• Example: "Reserved seats may reduce the incentive for MPs to work hard to nurture their constituencies."

22.  Nurture

• Synonyms: foster, cultivate, support
• Antonyms: neglect, ignore, abandon
• Example: "MPs should work hard to nurture their constituencies."

23. Ensuring

• Synonyms: guaranteeing, securing, making certain
• Antonyms: neglecting, overlooking, disregarding
• Example: "The 106th amendment ensures a fair representation of women in legislatures."

24. Increase

• Synonyms: enhance, augment, boost
• Antonyms: decrease, reduce, diminish
• Example: "The amendment would increase the number of women Ministers in the Centre and States."

25. Implementation

• Synonyms: execution, application, enforcement
• Antonyms: neglect, non-enforcement, abandonment
• Example: "The implementation of the 106th amendment is crucial for increasing women's representation in politics."